IL1B and infection: A high MOI (20) followed by 1 hrof bacterial-host cell contact before addition of gentamicin results in detectableYopJ-dependent apoptosis and caspase-1 activation within 2 hr of infection (Figure 5A, Figure S3 in Text S1) [6] but nodetectable secretion of IL-1β by this time point (data not shown) [6] .