Following the additional functional support obtained using the NOD mouse model [7,8], we have performed a comprehensive association analysis of sequence polymorphisms in the SLC11A1 region in a maximum of 8,863 unrelated T1D cases and 10,841 controls as well as up to 5,696 T1D families in order to identify the most associated, potentially causal, T1D variant(s) and its effect on expression and splicing of the SLC11A1 gene. The gene discussed is SLC11A1; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.