Thus CXCL12, which binds to its cognate receptor CXCR4 expressed by Treg, has been implicated in the recruitment of Treg in a number of tumours including ovarian cancer [19], adenocarcinoma of the lung [20], malignant mesothelioma [21], and the myelodysplastic syndromes [22]. Here, CXCR4 is linked to malignant mesothelioma.