For example, downregulation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), upregulation of BAX as an effector of p53, downregulation of Bcl-2, inhibition of Akt/PKB, and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) have all been observed in breast cancer derived cell lines exposed to curcumin [23,50-52]. This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and breast carcinoma.