For example in the Reduction of End Points in Non-insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus with the Angiotensin II Antagonist Losartan (RENAAL trial), LVH was associated with an increased risk of death, end-stage renal disease and doubling of serum creatinine (hazard ratio 1.41; p < 0.001) in patients with type 2 diabetes, clinical nephropathy and no known cardiovascular disease [23]. The gene discussed is AGT; the disease is stage 5 chronic kidney disease.