Patients with active disease had increased cell surface S100A8/A9 on their CD16+ pro-inflammatory monocytes, pDCs, mDCs as well as PMNs as compared to SLE patients with inactive disease (P = 0.0005, P = 0.006, P = 0.03 and P = 0.015, respectively) and increased cell surface S100A8/A9 on their CD16+ pro-inflammatory monocytes and PMNs as compared to healthy controls (P = 0.0065 and P = 0.034, respectively, Figure 1). The gene discussed is S100A8; the disease is systemic lupus erythematosus.