More specifically, normal cells adjacent to thetumour (Norm) were characterized by a lower expression of the tumour suppressorgene LOX, the receptors for interleukin 1(IL1R) and TGFβ(TGFBR) and by a higher expression of the pro-tumour genesCYR61 and CX3CL1. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and neoplasm.