Since up to 80% of ESCC and 90% of BAC display mutations of p53 [4,10,11], this tumor suppressor protein is a very likely contributing factor, particularly in view of its role in G1 cell cycle and DNA damage control, its centrosomal function [39-43] as well as its inactivation and/or degradation upon interaction with Aurora-A [44,45]. This evidence concerns the gene TCHP and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.