Thus, much of the brown nuclear staining pattern of HIF-1α (right tumor slice), which is visible throughout much of the central and into the lower right regions of the slice, co-registers with the brown cytoplasmic staining pattern of DDX3 (left tumor slice) in an adjacent tumor slice and that the same areas of the slices (e.g., upper left regions) show no staining. This evidence concerns the gene DDX3X and neoplasm.