This occurs with activation of the IGF-1R pathway (Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Receptor) [64], amplification/mutations of MET (the receptor for hepatocyte growth factor receptor, identified in 10-20% of NSCLC) [65-67], and PIK3CA amplification/mutations (identified in up to 17% of NSCLC) [68]. Here, PIK3CA is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.