Only in in the major depression group, higher temporal but not occipital cortex CREB concentrations were found in patients treated with antidepressants than in untreated patients who, in turn had lower CREB concentrations than controls whereas no differences were reported between patients with bipolar disorder or schizophrenia and controls or between treated and untreated patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Here, CREB1 is linked to schizophrenia.