These studies demonstrated that there were significant increase in pro-inflammatory markers including interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-1 receptor agonist (IL-ra), interferon-inducible protein-10 (CXCL-10), macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta (MIP-1β), soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 and 2 (sTNF-R1 and sTNF-R2) in patients who died of CM [5]. The gene discussed is TNFRSF1A; the disease is cutaneous mastocytosis.