Bergmann and co-authors used cell culture techniques with weak doses of IL-2, IL-10, and IL-15 to show that the tumor microenvironment generated Tr1 cells with a phenotype distinct from nTregs and that these cells abolished autologous responders proliferation via the secretion of IL-10 and TGF-β (Figure 2). Here, TGFB1 is linked to neoplasm.