NUCLEOLIN and infection: Indeed, nucleolin has been shown to directly bind the EPEC and EHEC outer-membrane protein intimin (Sinclair & O’Brien, 2002) although the relevance of this during infection of host cells is less clear as intimin was not shown to colocalize with nucleolin during EPEC/EHEC infection of Hep-2 cells (Sinclair & O'Brien, 2004).