Four SNPs in XRCC1, three of them leading to amino acid changes (p.Arg194Trp, p.Arg280His and p.Gln399Arg) and one in the promoter region (c.-77C>T) are within the most common in terms of minor allele frequency, and a potential effect on the function of the XRCC1 protein has been suggested for them, although no clear association with breast cancer risk has been reported (Takanami et al, 2005; Hao et al, 2006; Sterpone et al, 2009; Sterpone et al, 2010). This evidence concerns the gene XRCC1 and breast cancer.