TFPI and Sepsis: With respect to TFPI, in vitro studies evaluating the effect of inflammatory stimuli on the production of this inhibitor by cultured ECs gave conflicting data.33 Likewise, controversial reports have been published on the changes of TFPI in plasma during sepsis, ranging from increased levels, probably due to release from ECs, to reduced, likely as a result of consumption, or unchanged levels.33 Deeper information on the regulation of TFPI by inflammatory agents have been obtained from animal studies at tissue and cellular level.