RARA and acute myeloid leukemia: The MRD studies reported in the literature indicate that 60% to 94% of AML patients have an aberrant phenotype of AML cells, as evaluated by MFC at diagnosis,7,19 which are much higher frequencies than those demonstrated by PCR detection of specific gene rearrangements such as PML/RARα, AML1/ETO, and CBFB/MYH11.