Of particular interest to β-thalassemia is OR52A1, which was previously shown to contain a γ-globin enhancer element that confers continuous expression of the two fetal γ-globin genes [4], [5] that are overexpressed in β-thalassemia and tend to alleviate the anemia by increasing hemoglobin F production. The gene discussed is OR52A1; the disease is anemia (phenotype).