BDNF and temporal lobe epilepsy: These on some level reflect the complex role that BDNF may play in epilepsy, e.g., increased expression of BDNF during seizures of temporal lobe epilepsy patients as well as animal models have been observed frequently, although it is not clear whether seizures or injury increase expression of BDNF, or whether BDNF promotes epileptogenesis by increasing excitability [20].