To further study the significance of such potential biomarkers identified via SAM analysis, we examined the protein expression of two highly ranked and biologically plausible signature genes (for which IHC-validated antibodies were also available), SPP1 (linked to metastasis[13]) and LEF1 (lymphoid enhancer factor-1; involved in WNT signaling[14]), in an independent TMA cohort of CRC specimens. This evidence concerns the gene SPP1 and colorectal carcinoma.