Moreover, as far as elevated concentrations of IL-8, MCP-1, IL-18 and MIF may precede the onset of T2D in adults [1], [33], [34], [35], our data indicate that, in prepubertal age, the association between these immune mediators and HOMA-IR appears basically explained by adiposity (supplementary Tables S3 and S4). The gene discussed is IL18; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.