Huprines constitute a class of 4-aminoquinoline-based compounds which were developed a decade ago as inhibitors of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase and were postulated as a treatment for Alzheimer’s disease.26, 27, 28, 29, 30 They have proved to be effective in the inhibition of brain acetylcholinesterase in ex vivo studies,28 while the so-called huprine X (4, Fig. 1), has been shown to ameliorate memory and learning activities in middle aged mice,31 as well as Alzheimer’s disease related brain neuropathology in a transgenic mouse model.32 This evidence concerns the gene ACHE and early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.