At least partly inspired by the successful examples of the “shared epitope hypothesis” for pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis or type 1 diabetes mellitus [36], [42], [43], it has been postulated that arginine at position 74 of the HLA-DRB1 chain is critical for GD pathogenesis [44], mostly based on the association findings from studies conducted in Caucasians. This evidence concerns the gene HLA-DRB1 and rheumatoid arthritis.