Several recently reported observations make the biliary system an attractive target for hepcidin: (i) the biliary excretion is a significant pathway for iron elimination [15]; (ii) biliary system is at significant risk of bacterial and fungal infections which are to a large extent counteracted by the antimicrobial properties of the bile [16], [17]; (iii) Gp130-deficiency results in diminished hepcidin levels and increased rate of biliary infections [18]. The gene discussed is HAMP; the disease is fungal infectious disease.