APOC3 and Insulin resistance: Recently, two SNPs in the promoter region of the gene encoding apolipoprotein C3 [APOC3; rs2854117 (−482 C > T) and rs2854116 (−455 T > C)] were reported to be associated with an approximately 3-fold increase in median HTGC values and with insulin resistance.13 The two variants, which had previously been found to be associated with plasma TG levels in some studies,14-16 are located in a putative insulin response element17 located 5′ to exon 1 of APOC3. Invitro promoter studies have suggested that insulin binding to this site inhibits APOC3 transcription.