In 1990s, Grandis et al. demonstrated that EGFR and its ligand transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α) mRNA were overexpressed in approximately 90% of HNSCC tumors, and overexpression of these two proteins was significantly associated with poor prognosis of patients with HNSCC [13, 14]. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.