In murine models of chronic mucosal inflammation, TL1A enhanced Th1 and Th17 effector function by up-regulating IFN-γ and IL17 production, respectively, in gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) CD4+ cells under Th1/Th17 polarizing conditions, indicating that TL1A is an important modulator in the development of gut mucosal inflammation [9]. This evidence concerns the gene CD4 and inflammation.