GCG and infection: In vitro studies using isolated pancreatic islets from fed and from 4 and 8-day fasted rats revealed a continue increase of glucagon during prolonged fasting.[11] Studies also revealed that various forms of stress such as trauma or infection are associated with hyperglucagonemia.[12] As a part of “fight or flight” response, enhanced sympathetic outflow and increased secretion of catecholamine could stimulate glucagon secretion.