Based upon cases of prostate cancer diagnosed by PSA, researchers have estimated that clinically insignificant prostate cancer is now actually overdiagnosed at a rate of 29% for whites and 44% for blacks, the PSA screen resulting in the detection of cancers that otherwise would only have been detected during autopsy in up to 15% and 37% of tumors in whites and blacks, respectively[6]. The gene discussed is KLK3; the disease is prostate carcinoma.