TGFB1 and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: Both LY294002 and the Akt mutant strongly blocked TGFβ-stimulated myofibroblast differentiation, confirming the central role of PI3K-Akt pathway in TGFβ-mediated myofibroblast differentiation in adult human normal and “diseased” IPF lung fibroblasts (Fig 1 and 7).