DBI and diabetes mellitus: Dbi binds GABA(A) receptors with high affinity [42], [43], and it is thought that suppression of GABAergic signaling is one mechanism through which Dbi modulates retinal neurotransmission, particularly in the inner plexiform layer [40], [41], [44], which further increases following activity-dependent phosphorylation [45], which is a hallmark of diabetes-related retinal pathology [46].