Until recently, it was assumed that cytokines, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), promote formation and growth of choroidal neovascularization (CNV), the anatomic correlate of the neovascular form of AMD (nvAMD), by causing pre-existing choroidal endothelial cells to sprout [2]. The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is age-related macular degeneration.