Although other cell death products have been assessed as PD biomarkers in lymphoma such as caspase 3 and cytochrome c (Barczyk et al, 2005; Deligezer et al, 2006), nDNA has the advantage that extensive validation and qualification of this assay has already been performed in other tumour types (Holdenrieder et al, 2008). The gene discussed is CYCS; the disease is neoplasm.