We chose TNF-α and IL-1β as representative indicators of systemic inflammation because both cytokines are crucial for systemic effects of inflammation, including fever, increased heart rate, and sepsis, and because TNF-α was one of the major proinflammatory cytokines responsible for transferring peripheral inflammation to the brain when LPS was intraperitoneally injected into mice (Qin et al. 2007). The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is Sepsis.