Our demonstration that COX-2 stimulation of tumor-associated VEGF expression was decreased in NSCLC cells by treatment with selective PKC inhibitors, but not by selective PKA inhibitors, indicates that the contribution of COX-2 to tumor-associated VEGF expression in NSCLC may involve the PKC pathway with no involvement of PKA. The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.