HIF1A and cancer: In our effort to find novel small-molecule lead compounds that have anti-HIF-1α activity and that may be further optimized for combination with cetuximab to enhance therapeutic effects in cancer cells, we discovered that 1, 9-pyrazoloanthrone (1, 9 PA), which is an anthrapyrazolone best known as SP600125 that specifically inhibits c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) [20], [21], can strongly downregulate HIF-1α in multiple cancer cell lines.