Gilmore et al. demonstrated that ex vivo stimulated PBMCs had increased IFNγ production post partum as compared to the third trimester and myelin protein specific T cell lines derived from subjects in the third trimester produced more IL10 [113], while Al-Shammri et al. found that six of the eight MS patients' ex vivo stimulated PBMCs showed a distinct shift from a Th2 cytokine bias (IL4 and IL10) during pregnancy, towards a Th1 cytokine bias (IFNγ and TNFα) after delivery [114]. This evidence concerns the gene NELFCD and myeloid sarcoma.