Based on the proposed actions of NleE and NleC as negative regulators of IKK activation and homeostasis of p65, respectively, and the observation that full host NF-κB activity was preserved during infection with TOE-A4, we predicted that NleE and NleC contributed the major portion of the suppression of pathogen-induced activation of NF-κB pathway. The gene discussed is RELA; the disease is infection.