TNF and rheumatoid arthritis: Since noninfectious intermediate, posterior, and panuveitis5, 6 are putative antigen-specific CD4 T-cell–mediated autoimmune diseases, TNF-α plays a key role in their pathogenesis:7–9 it is known that TNF-α is elevated in the aqueous humor and serum of patients affected by uveitis,10–14 playing a role similar to rheumatoid arthritis (RA).15