CXCL9 and neoplasm: Owing to the fact that the treatment of melanoma metastases with interferon-α or interferon-γ alone or in combination with dacarbazine (or other chemotherapeutic) shows only little or no significant difference in median survival or overall response rate (Shepherd and Milne, 2000), it might be possible that the melanoma cells overcome the antitumour effect by exploiting the high CXCL9 expression to escape from the tumour and to form novel metastases at distant sites.