The expression of mRNA of 3 out of 8 tested isoenzymes governing O-glycosylation of mucins (polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases) in a colon cancer cell line, was also noted to be upregulated by the Th2 cytokine IL-4, resulting in increased incorporation of GalNAc into mucin o-glycans [31]. This evidence concerns the gene IL4 and malignant colon neoplasm.