KLK3 and posterior cortical atrophy: Current diagnostic methods; measuring levels of prostate specific antigen (PSA) in blood samples and examining needle biopsies from the prostate under light microscopy, are however not particularly effective in separating cases of aggressive PCa from the even more prevalent and indolent forms of PCa that often can be left without treatment, or in separating cancer from other non-malignant prostate disorders [1], [2].