GSK3B and urinary bladder carcinoma: Therefore, to better understand the mechanism by which APF regulates T24 bladder carcinoma cell proliferation, we determined the effect of as-APF on the expression or activation of enzymes involved in wingless-int (Wnt)/frizzled signaling (including AKR-transforming enzyme (Akt), glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK3β), β-catenin, and matrix metalloprotease 2 (MMP2), as well as the role of CKAP4 in mediating as-APF activity in T24 cells.