Given that the high expression level of ROCK-1 in RCC was shown to be associated with shorter survival (Abe et al, 2008), our present findings that ROCK-1 is a target gene of miR-584, the expression level of miR-584 may be correlated with survival and be involved in ccRCC progression. The gene discussed is ROCK1; the disease is nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.