While a myopathy may be particularly evident in patients with long-standing disease who have clinically detectible peripheral neuropathy [21]–[24], evidence also exists that children and young adults with short-term T1DM exhibit reduced physical capacities [25]–[30], impaired growth velocities [31], [32] and abnormalities in their GH–IGF-I axis [33], even when anthropometrically- and/or activity-matched. The gene discussed is IGF1; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.