We have previously shown that the IGF-IR and other molecules associated to the IGF-IR pathway (e.g. IGF-2R, IRS-1, -2) are overexpressed in NSCLC tumours undergoing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) (Gualberto et al, 2009). The gene discussed is IRS1; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.