In univariate analysis, age (P < 0.001), SLE duration (P = 0.025), hypertension (P = 0.014), fasting glucose-level (P = 0.001) but not HOMA insulin resistance, LDL-cholesterol (P < 0.001), total cholesterol (P < 0.001), apoB/apoA1 (P = 0.004), BMI (P = 0.032), and anti PC-levels (as determined both as low vs high levels and as continuous values) were significantly different between SLE-patients with and without plaques. This evidence concerns the gene APOB and systemic lupus erythematosus.