We showed by biochemical analyses and agglutination tests (Table S1, [30], [31]) that the engineered scGal-LPG PAMPs in L. donovani-SCG transfectants were faithful replicas of L. major ‘mono-scGal’ LPG PAMPs synthesized by natural WT L. major FV1 and engineered SD-SCG3 transfectants, all of which exhibited robust long-term survival in PpapJ laboratory infections (Tables 1, S2). The gene discussed is APOE; the disease is infection.