Leishmania resistance 1 (Lmr1) [52], Plasmodium chabaudi resistance QTL 3 (Char3) [53] and Heligmosomoides bakeri nematode resistance 2 (Hbnr2) [54] all overlap with Tir1. Similarly, the Tir3c QTL overlaps with a QTL for murine resistance to Plasmodium berghei-driven experimental cerebral malaria (Berr1) [55]. The gene discussed is AATK; the disease is cerebral malaria.