Similar to what observed in the Stat3C/C MEFs, Hif-1α silencing down-regulated Pdk-1 expression and lactate production but not mitochondrial-Ca2+ uptake in MDA-MB468 cells (Figure 7A and data not shown), suggesting that also wild type STAT3, when constitutively activated in cancer, can induce aerobic glycolysis via both HIF-1α-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Here, STAT3 is linked to cancer.